Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Three: The Case of the Missing Lifeguard (2019)
Directed by: Shawn Levy
Cinematography by: Lachlan Milne
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Four: The Sauna Test (2019)
Directed by: Shawn Levy
Cinematography by: Lachlan Milne
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Eight: The Battle of Starcourt (2019)
Cinematography by: Lachlan Milne
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Five: Dig Dug (2017)
Directed by: Andrew Stanton
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Kevin D. Ross
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Nine: The Gate (2017)
| USA
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Kevin D. Ross
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Two: Trick or Treat, Freak (2017)
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Nat Fuller
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Six: The Spy (2017)
Directed by: Andrew Stanton
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Nat Fuller
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Three: The Pollywog (2017)
Directed by: Shawn Levy
Cinematography by: Tod Campbell
Edited by: Kevin D. Ross
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Seven: The Lost Sister (2017)
| USA
Directed by: Rebecca Thomas
Cinematography by: David Franco
Edited by: Katheryn Naranjo
Adr Mixer
'Girls' Painful Evacuation (2017)
Directed by: Jesse Peretz
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Kate Hickey
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Four: Will the Wise (2017)
Directed by: Shawn Levy
Cinematography by: Tod Campbell
Edited by: Nat Fuller
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Eight: The Mind Flayer (2017)
| USA
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Nat Fuller
Adr Mixer
'Girls' Hostage Situation (2017)
| USA
Directed by: Lena Dunham
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Myron Kerstein
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter One: MADMAX (2017)
| USA
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Kevin D. Ross
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Two: The Weirdo on Maple Street (2016)
| USA
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Kevin D. Ross
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Six: The Monster (2016)
| USA
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Dean Zimmerman
Original Dialogue Mixer
The Secret Life of Pets (2016)
| Japan, USA, France
Edited by: Ken Schretzmann
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Three: Holly, Jolly (2016)
| USA
Directed by: Shawn Levy
Cinematography by: Tod Campbell
Edited by: Kevin D. Ross
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Seven: The Bathtub (2016)
| USA
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Kevin D. Ross
Adr Mixer - 25 Episodes, 2016-2019
Stranger Things (2016)
TV Series
| USA
Cameras: Red Epic Dragon Camera
Lenses: Leica Lenses
Editing System: Avid Editing System
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Four: The Body (2016)
| USA
Directed by: Shawn Levy
Cinematography by: Tod Campbell
Edited by: Dean Zimmerman
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Eight: The Upside Down (2016)
| USA
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Dean Zimmerman
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter One: The Vanishing of Will Byers (2016)
| USA
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Dean Zimmerman
Adr Mixer
Ghostbusters (2016)
| USA, Australia
Directed by: Paul Feig
Cinematography by: Robert D. Yeoman
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA XT Camera
Adr Mixer
Pelé: Birth of a Legend (2016)
| USA
Cinematography by: Matthew Libatique
Cameras: Red Epic Dragon Camera
Adr Mixer
'Stranger Things' Chapter Five: The Flea and the Acrobat (2016)
| USA
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Kevin D. Ross
Adr Mixer
Chappie (2015)
| South Africa, USA
Directed by: Neill Blomkamp
Cinematography by: Trent Opaloch
Adr Mixer
'The Following' New Blood (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Charissa Sanjarernsuithikul
Adr Mixer
'Fargo' The Gift of the Magi (2015)
Directed by: Jeffrey Reiner
Cinematography by: Dana Gonzales
Edited by: Regis Kimble
Adr Mixer
'Girls' Cubbies (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Jesse Peretz
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Myron Kerstein
Adr Mixer
'Girls' Tad & Loreen & Avi & Shanaz (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Jamie Babbit
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Myron Kerstein
Adr Mixer
Trumbo (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Jay Roach
Cinematography by: Jim Denault
Edited by: Alan Baumgarten
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA XT Camera
Adr Mixer
Fifty Shades of Grey (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Sam Taylor-Johnson
Cinematography by: Seamus McGarvey
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA XT Plus Camera
Adr Mixer
'Fargo' Waiting for Dutch (2015)
Cinematography by: Dana Gonzales
Edited by: Skip Macdonald
Adr Mixer
'Girls' Iowa (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Lena Dunham
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Shawn Paper
Adr Mixer
The 33 (2015)
| Chile, USA
Directed by: Patricia Riggen
Cinematography by: Checco Varese
Edited by: Michael Tronick
Adr Mixer
'True Detective' Omega Station (2015)
| USA
Directed by: John Crowley
Cinematography by: Nigel Bluck
Adr Mixer
'Girls' Sit-In (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Richard Shepard
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Shawn Paper
Adr Recordist
Room (2015)
| Ireland, Canada, UK, USA
Directed by: Lenny Abrahamson
Cinematography by: Danny Cohen
Edited by: Nathan Nugent
Cameras: Red Epic Dragon Camera
Adr Mixer
'True Detective' Black Maps and Motel Rooms (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Daniel Attias
Cinematography by: Nigel Bluck
Edited by: Chris Figler
Adr Mixer
'Girls' Triggering (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Lena Dunham
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Myron Kerstein
Adr Mixer
'Girls' Female Author (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Jesse Peretz
Cinematography by: Tim Ives
Edited by: Shawn Paper
Adr Mixer
San Andreas (2015)
| USA
Directed by: Brad Peyton
Cinematography by: Steve Yedlin
Edited by: Bob Ducsay
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Sacrifice (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Adam Davidson
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Charissa Sanjarernsuithikul
Adr Mixer - 2 Episodes, 2015
True Detective (2014)
| USA
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Family Affair (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Adr Mixer
'Ray Donovan' Rodef (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Michael Uppendahl
Cinematography by: Robert McLachlan
Edited by: Sidney Wolinsky
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Freedom (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Liz Friedlander
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Charissa Sanjarernsuithikul
Adr Mixer
'Homeland' Trylon and Perisphere (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Keith Gordon
Cinematography by: David Klein
Edited by: Michael Ruscio
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Resurrection (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Peter B. Ellis
Adr Mixer
'The Following' The Messenger (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Viet Nguyen
Adr Mixer
'Ray Donovan' Gem and Loan (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Phil Abraham
Cinematography by: Robert McLachlan
Adr Mixer - 3 Episodes, 2015
Fargo (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Michael Uppendahl, Keith Gordon, Randall Einhorn, Adam Bernstein, Colin Bucksey, Matt Shakman, Scott Winant, Noah Hawley, Adam Arkin, Jeffrey Reiner, Mike Barker, Dearbhla Walsh, John Cameron
Edited by: Regis Kimble, Skip Macdonald, Bridget Durnford, Curtis Thurber, Henk Van Eeghen, Andrew Seklir
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA Plus Camera
Editing System: Avid Editing System
Adr Mixer
'The Following' The Reaping (2014)
Directed by: Joshua Butler
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Tim Tommasino
Adr Mixer
'The Following' For Joe (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Joshua Butler
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Mark Manos
Adr Mixer
The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies (2014)
| New Zealand, USA
Directed by: Peter Jackson
Cinematography by: Andrew Lesnie
Edited by: Jabez Olssen
Cameras: Red Epic Camera, Red One MX Camera
Lenses: Zeiss Ultra Prime Lenses
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Betrayal (2014)
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Dexter N. Adriano
Adr Mixer
'Homeland' The Drone Queen (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Lesli Linka Glatter
Cinematography by: David Klein
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Fly Away (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Rob Seidenglanz
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Charissa Sanjarernsuithikul
Adr Mixer
'Ray Donovan' Snowflake (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Guy Ferland
Cinematography by: Robert McLachlan
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
Adr Mixer
American Sniper (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Clint Eastwood
Cinematography by: Tom Stern
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA XT Camera
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Silence (2014)
Directed by: Steve Shill
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Rosanne Tan
Original Dialog Mixer
Rio 2 (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Carlos Saldanha
Cinematography by: Renato Falcão
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Trust Me (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Liz Friedlander
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Rob Seidenglanz
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Teacher's Pet (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Viet Nguyen
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Reflection (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Nicole Kassell
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Adr Mixer
'Ray Donovan' Volcheck (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Michael Uppendahl
Cinematography by: Loren S. Yaconelli
Edited by: Peter B. Ellis
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Forgive (2014)
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Charissa Sanjarernsuithikul
Adr Mixer
'Homeland' Shalwar Kameez (2014)
| USA
Directed by: Lesli Linka Glatter
Cinematography by: David Klein
Adr Mixer
'The Following' The Final Chapter (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Rob Seidenglanz
Adr Mixer: New York
The Smurfs 2 (2013)
| USA, France, Canada, Belgium
Directed by: Raja Gosnell
Cinematography by: Phil Meheux
Edited by: Sabrina Plisco
Cameras: Sony CineAlta F65 Camera
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Let Me Go (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Nick Gomez
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Todd Desrosiers
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Whips & Regret (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Rob Seidenglanz
Adr Mixer: N.Y.
The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (2013)
| USA, UK
Directed by: Ben Stiller
Cinematography by: Stuart Dryburgh
Edited by: Greg Hayden
Cameras: ARRICAM Lite (LT) Camera
Lenses: Hawk V-Lite Lenses, Hawk V-Plus Lenses
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Pilot (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: Ramsey Nickell
Edited by: Joshua Butler
Dialogue And ADR Recording
Epic (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Chris Wedge
Cinematography by: Renato Falcão
Edited by: Andy Keir
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Welcome Home (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Joshua Butler
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Rob Seidenglanz
Adr Mixer: New York
42 (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Brian Helgeland
Cinematography by: Don Burgess
Cameras: Red Epic Camera
Editing System: Avid Editing System
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Mad Love (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Henry Bronchtein
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Todd Desrosiers
Adr Mixer
'The Following' The Curse (2013)
| USA
Directed by: David Von Ancken
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Matthew Colonna
Adr Mixer - 30 Episodes, 2013-2015
The Following (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega, Nicole Kassell, Joshua Butler, Liz Friedlander, Rob Seidenglanz, Adam Davidson, Phil Abraham, Henry Bronchtein, Nick Gomez, David Von Ancken, Steve Shill, Mary Harron, Gary Love, David McWhirter, David S. Tuttman, Sylvain White
Edited by: Charissa Sanjarernsuithikul, Dexter N. Adriano, Rob Seidenglanz, Matthew Colonna, Todd Desrosiers, Devon Greene, Rosanne Tan, Peter B. Ellis, Mark Manos, Viet Nguyen, Joshua Butler, Tim Tommasino
Lenses: Canon CN-E 30-300 mm T2.95 Lens
Adr Mixer
'The Following' The Siege (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Phil Abraham
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Rob Seidenglanz
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Havenport (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Nicole Kassell
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Todd Desrosiers
Adr Mixer
'The Following' The Poet's Fire (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Liz Friedlander
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Matthew Colonna
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Guilt (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Joshua Butler
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Todd Desrosiers
Adr Mixer
'The Vampire Diaries' The Originals (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Chris Grismer
Cinematography by: Paul M. Sommers
Adr Mixer
'The Following' The Fall (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Matthew Colonna
Adr Mixer
'The Following' The End Is Near (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Joshua Butler
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Charissa Sanjarernsuithikul
Adr Mixer - 4 Episodes, 2014
Ray Donovan (2013)
| USA
Directed by: John Dahl, Michael Uppendahl, Tucker Gates, David Hollander, Allen Coulter, Daniel Attias, Colin Bucksey, Guy Ferland, Michael Apted, Lesli Linka Glatter, Phil Abraham, Liev Schreiber, Robert McLachlan, Daisy von Scherler Mayer, Stephen Williams, Zetna Fuentes, Daniel Minahan, Jeremy Podeswa, Greg Yaitanes, Ed Bianchi, Tricia Brock, James Whitmore Jr., Carl Franklin, Denise Di Novi, Tarik Saleh, Joshua Marston
Cinematography by: Robert McLachlan, Matthew Jensen, Loren S. Yaconelli, Roy H. Wagner, David Franco, Tim Nagasawa, Dan Stoloff
Edited by: Lynne Willingham, Harvey Rosenstock, John Axness, Peter B. Ellis, Sidney Wolinsky, Tanya M. Swerling, Susan Godfrey, Amy Colla, Garret Donnelly, John Duffy, Miriam Kim
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA Camera
Lenses: Leica Summilux-C Series Lenses
Adr Mixer
Walking with Dinosaurs 3D (2013)
| USA, UK, Australia
Cinematography by: John Brooks
Edited by: John Carnochan
Cameras: Red Epic Camera
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Chapter Two (2013)
| USA
Directed by: Marcos Siega
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Rob Seidenglanz
Adr Mixer
'The Following' Love Hurts (2013)
| USA
Cinematography by: David S. Tuttman
Edited by: Matthew Colonna
Adr Mixer: New York
Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter (2012)
| USA, Russia
Directed by: Timur Bekmambetov
Cinematography by: Caleb Deschanel
Edited by: William Hoy
Original Dialogue Mixer
Wreck-It Ralph (2012)
| USA
Directed by: Rich Moore
Cinematography by: Rob Dressel
Edited by: Tim Mertens
Adr Mixer
Frankenweenie (2012)
| USA
Directed by: Tim Burton
Cinematography by: Peter Sorg
Cameras: Canon EOS-5D Mark II Camera
Editing System: Avid Editing System
Adr Mixer: New York
The Iceman (2012)
| USA
Directed by: Ariel Vromen
Cinematography by: Bobby Bukowski
Edited by: Danny Rafic
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA Plus Camera, Canon EOS-7D Camera
Adr Mixer - 8 Episodes, 2015-2017
Girls (2012)
| USA
Directed by: Lena Dunham, Jesse Peretz, Richard Shepard, Jamie Babbit, Jody Lee Lipes, Tricia Brock, Jenni Konner, Claudia Weill, Alex Karpovsky, Nisha Ganatra
Edited by: Shawn Paper, Paul Zucker, Myron Kerstein, Nat Sanders, Kate Hickey, Robert Frazen, Catherine Haight, Peter CabadaHagan, Joi McMillon
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA Camera
Adr Mixer
X: First Class (2011)
| USA, UK
Directed by: Matthew Vaughn
Cinematography by: John Mathieson
Adr Mixer - 3 Episodes, 2014
Homeland (2011)
| USA
Directed by: Lesli Linka Glatter, Michael Cuesta, Daniel Attias, Keith Gordon, Alex Graves, Tucker Gates, Clark Johnson, Seith Mann, Guy Ferland, Michael Offer, Jeffrey Nachmanoff, Carl Franklin, Charlotte Sieling, Michael Klick, Brad Turner, John Dahl, Lodge Kerrigan, Jeremy Podeswa, David Semel, Daniel Minahan, David Nutter, Jeffrey Reiner, John David Coles, Nelson McCormick
Edited by: Jordan Goldman, Joe Hobeck, Harvey Rosenstock, Philip Carr Neel, Terry Kelley, Michael Ruscio, Garret Donnelly, Sarah Zeitlin, David Latham, Victoria Grimsley
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA Camera, ARRI Cameras
Adr Recordist / Dialogue Recordist
Rio (2011)
| USA, Brazil
Directed by: Carlos Saldanha
Cinematography by: Renato Falcão
Edited by: Harry Hitner
Adr Recordist
The Killer Inside Me (2010)
| UK, Sweden, Canada, USA
Directed by: Michael Winterbottom
Cinematography by: Marcel Zyskind
Edited by: Mags Arnold
Additional Adr Recordist: HSR/NY
Don't Look Up (2009)
| USA, Japan, South Africa
Directed by: Fruit Chan
Cinematography by: Hang-Sang Poon
Edited by: Chris Wright
Adr Mixer - 1 Episode, 2013
The Vampire Diaries (2009)
| USA
Directed by: Chris Grismer, Joshua Butler, Michael A. Allowitz, Marcos Siega, Pascal Verschooris, Kellie Cyrus, J. Miller Tobin, John Behring, Jeffrey G. Hunt, Rob Hardy, Lance Anderson, Leslie Libman, Paul Wesley, John Dahl, Wendey Stanzler, Jesse Warn, Darren Genet, David Von Ancken, Liz Friedlander, Garreth Stover, Julie Plec, Geoffrey Wing Shotz, Ian Somerhalder, Kevin Bray, Tony Solomons, Michael Karasick, Rick Bota, Ernest R. Dickerson, Guy Ferland, David Barrett, Charles Beeson, Ralph Hemecker, Patrick R. Norris, Elizabeth Allen Rosenbaum, Dennis Smith, Jeff Woolnough, David Jackson, Michael Katleman, Paul M. Sommers, Darnell Martin, Brad Turner, Deborah Chow, Rashaad Ernesto Green, Tanya Hamilton, James L. Thompson III, Carol Banker
Cinematography by: Paul M. Sommers, Dave Perkal, Darren Genet, Michael Karasick, Star Barry, Ramsey Nickell, Michael Negrin, John Peters
Edited by: Tony Solomons, Lance Anderson, Marc Pollon, Glenn Garland, Brian Wessel, Tyler L. Cook, Nathan Easterling, Sean Albertson, Joel T. Pashby, Evan J. Warner, Shawn Paper, Nicholas Erasmus, Nancy Forner, Lisa Willinger, Joshua Butler, Michael Ruscio, Sunny Hodge, Michael H. Friedlander, Jacques Gravett, Peter Basinski, Erik Presant, Kyle Keris
Cameras: ARRI ALEXA Camera, Sony CineAlta F35 Camera
Lenses: Zeiss Master Prime Lenses
Original Dialogue Mixer
The Princess and the Frog (2009)
| USA
Cinematography by: Rasoul Azadani
Edited by: Jeff Draheim
Adr Mixer
Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer (2007)
| USA, Germany, UK
Directed by: Tim Story
Cinematography by: Larry Blanford
Cameras: Pan-Arri 235 Camera, Panavision Genesis Camera, Panavision Panaflex Millennium XL2 Camera, Panavision Panaflex Platinum Camera, Wescam Cameras
Editing System: Avid Editing System, Sony Vegas Editing System
Dialogue Recordist: HSR
The Simpsons Movie (2007)
| USA
Directed by: David Silverman
Edited by: John Carnochan
Editing System: Final Cut Pro Editing System
Additional Dialogue Recordist
Enchanted (2007)
| USA
Directed by: Kevin Lima
Cinematography by: Don Burgess
Adr Mixer
Lucky Number Slevin (2006)
| Germany, UK, USA, Canada
Directed by: Paul McGuigan
Cinematography by: Peter Sova
Edited by: Andrew Hulme
Adr Mixer
The Terminal (2004)
| USA
Directed by: Steven Spielberg
Cinematography by: Janusz Kaminski
Edited by: Michael Kahn
Adr Mixer
Big Fat Liar (2002)
| USA, Germany
Directed by: Shawn Levy
Cinematography by: Jonathan Brown
Adr Mixer: New York
My Little Eye (2002)
| UK, USA, France, Canada
Directed by: Marc Evans
Cinematography by: Hubert Taczanowski
Edited by: Mags Arnold
Additional Dialogue Recordist
The Emperor's New Groove (2000)
| USA
Directed by: Mark Dindal
Cinematography by: Thomas Baker
Recording Engineer: English Dubbed Version
Life Is Beautiful (1997)
| Italy
Directed by: Roberto Benigni
Cinematography by: Tonino Delli Colli
Edited by: Simona Paggi
Cameras: Panavision Cameras
Lenses: Panavision Lenses
