First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' World's End (2017)
Directed by: Billy Gierhart
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Eric Litman
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' The Patriot (2017)
Directed by: Kevin Tancharoen
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Eric Litman
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Hot Potato Soup (2017)
Directed by: Nina Lopez-Corrado
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Kelly Stuyvesant
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' The Man Behind the Shield (2017)
Directed by: Wendey Stanzler
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Dexter N. Adriano
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' What If... (2017)
Directed by: Oz Scott
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' No Regrets (2017)
Directed by: Eric Laneuville
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Kelly Stuyvesant
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Farewell, Cruel World! (2017)
Directed by: Vincent Misiano
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Dexter N. Adriano
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Ghost Rider: Meet the New Boss (2016)
Directed by: Vincent Misiano
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Joshua Charson
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' The Inside Man (2016)
Directed by: John Terlesky
Edited by: Eric Litman
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Watchdogs (2016)
Directed by: Jesse Bochco
Edited by: Kelly Stuyvesant
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' The Singularity (2016)
Directed by: Garry A. Brown
Edited by: Eric Litman
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Emancipation (2016)
Directed by: Vincent Misiano
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Kelly Stuyvesant
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Ascension (2016)
Directed by: Kevin Tancharoen
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Ghost Rider: The Laws of Inferno Dynamics (2016)
Directed by: Kevin Tancharoen
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Dexter N. Adriano
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Ghost Rider: The Good Samaritan (2016)
Directed by: Billy Gierhart
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Kelly Stuyvesant
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Ghost Rider: Let Me Stand Next to Your Fire (2016)
Directed by: Brad Turner
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Eric Litman
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Many Heads, One Tale (2015)
Directed by: Garry A. Brown
Edited by: Kelly Stuyvesant
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Among Us Hide... (2015)
Directed by: Dwight H. Little
Edited by: Eric Litman
First Assistant Director
'Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.' Purpose in the Machine (2015)
Directed by: Kevin Tancharoen
Cinematography by: Allan Westbrook
Edited by: Kelly Stuyvesant
Assistant Director
'Bones' The 200th in the 10th (2014)
Directed by: David Boreanaz
Cinematography by: Gregory Paul Collier
Edited by: Bill Lynch
First Assistant Director
'Bones' The Lance to the Heart (2014)
Directed by: Dwight H. Little
Cinematography by: Gregory Paul Collier
Edited by: Richard Currie
First Assistant Director - 22 Episodes, 2015-2017
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (2013)
Directed by: Kevin Tancharoen, Jesse Bochco, Billy Gierhart, Vincent Misiano, Garry A. Brown, Bobby Roth, Nina Lopez-Corrado, Roxann Dawson, Milan Cheylov, Kevin Hooks, Ron Underwood, Kate Woods, David Solomon, Brad Turner, Wendey Stanzler, Holly Dale, David Straiton, John Terlesky, Michael Zinberg, Eric Laneuville, Jed Whedon, Clark Gregg, Jonathan Frakes, Joss Whedon, Paul A. Edwards, Kenneth Fink, Karen Gaviola, Dwight H. Little, Elodie Keene, Magnus Martens, Stanley M. Brooks, Oz Scott, Cherie Gierhart, Jennifer Lynch, Salli Richardson-Whitfield, Mark Kolpack, Jennifer Phang, Lou Diamond Phillips
Second Assistant Director - Additional Photography
Country Strong (2010)
Directed by: Shana Feste
Cinematography by: John Bailey
Second Assistant Director: Additional Photography
Unstoppable (2010)
Directed by: Tony Scott
Cinematography by: Ben Seresin
Cameras: ARRICAM Lite (LT) Camera, ARRICAM Studio (ST) Camera, ARRIFLEX 235 Camera, ARRIFLEX 35 III Camera, ARRIFLEX 435 Xtreme Camera, Bell & Howell Eyemo Camera
Editing System: Avid Editing System
Second Assistant Director
'Mad Men' Meditations in an Emergency (2008)
Directed by: Matthew Weiner
Cinematography by: Chris Manley
Edited by: Malcolm Jamieson
Second Assistant Director
'Mad Men' The Jet Set (2008)
Directed by: Phil Abraham
Cinematography by: Chris Manley
Edited by: Christopher Nelson
Second Assistant Director - 3 Episodes, 2007-2008
Mad Men (2007)
Directed by: Phil Abraham, Michael Uppendahl, Jennifer Getzinger, Matthew Weiner, Scott Hornbacher, Lesli Linka Glatter, Tim Hunter, John Slattery, Andrew Bernstein, Alan Taylor, Chris Manley, Jon Hamm, Ed Bianchi, Paul Feig, Barbet Schroeder, Daisy von Scherler Mayer, Lynn Shelton, Matt Shakman, Jared Harris
Cinematography by: Chris Manley, Don Devine, Phil Abraham, Steve Mason, Frank G. DeMarco, Bill Roe, Jeffrey Jur, M. David Mullen
Edited by: Tom Wilson, Malcolm Jamieson, Christopher Gay, Leo Trombetta, Christopher Nelson, Chris Figler, David Siegel, Cindy Mollo, Pattye Rogers, Conrad Smart, Patricia Rafferty
Editing System: Avid Editing System
Second Assistant Director
'Grey's Anatomy' Six Days: Part 1 (2007)
Directed by: Greg Yaitanes
Cinematography by: Herbert Davis
Edited by: Susan Vaill
Second Assistant Director
'Grey's Anatomy' Six Days: Part 2 (2007)
Directed by: Greg Yaitanes
Cinematography by: Herbert Davis
Edited by: Susan Vaill
Second Assistant Director
'Mad Men' The Wheel (2007)
Directed by: Matthew Weiner
Cinematography by: Steve Mason
Edited by: Malcolm Jamieson
Second Assistant Director
'Grey's Anatomy' Don't Stand So Close to Me (2006)
Directed by: Seith Mann
Cinematography by: Herbert Davis
Edited by: Edward Ornelas
Second Assistant Director - Additional Photography
Aquamarine (2006)
Directed by: Elizabeth Allen Rosenbaum
Cinematography by: Brian J. Breheny
Edited by: Jane Moran
Cameras: Panavision Cameras
First Assistant Director: Additional Photography
Larry the Cable Guy: Health Inspector (2006)
Directed by: Trent Cooper
Cinematography by: Kim Marks
Edited by: Gregg Featherman
First Assistant Director: Additional Photography
Big Momma's House 2 (2006)
Directed by: John Whitesell
Cinematography by: Mark Irwin
Edited by: Priscilla Nedd-Friendly
Second Assistant Director
Material Girls (2006)
Directed by: Martha Coolidge
Cinematography by: Johnny E. Jensen
Edited by: Steven Cohen
Second Assistant Director - 3 Episodes, 2006-2007
Grey's Anatomy (2005)
Directed by: Rob Corn, Kevin McKidd, Debbie Allen, Chandra Wilson, Allison Liddi-Brown, Jeannot Szwarc, Tony Phelan, Nicole Rubio, Michael W. Watkins, Tom Verica, Bill D'Elia, Mark Jackson, Peter Horton, Jeff Melman, Jessica Yu, Edward Ornelas, Stephen Cragg, Linda Klein, Daniel Minahan, Julie Anne Robinson, James Frawley, Michael Pressman, Ron Underwood, Geary McLeod, Adam Davidson, Wendey Stanzler, Randy Zisk, Michael Grossman, Steve Robin, Chris Hayden, Jesse Williams, Pete Chatmon, Mark Tinker, Susan Vaill, David Greenspan, Rob Greenlea, Bobby Roth, Zetna Fuentes, Kevin Rodney Sullivan, Michael Medico, Tony Goldwyn, Adam Arkin, Seith Mann, Christopher Misiano, Greg Yaitanes, Eric Stoltz, Rob Hardy, Cherie Nowlan, Eric Laneuville, Jann Turner, Cecilie A. Mosli, Ellen Pompeo, Nzingha Stewart, Sydney Freeland, Daniel Willis, Michael Watkins, Amyn Kaderali, Sarah Pia Anderson, Scott Brazil, John David Coles, Michael Dinner, Lesli Linka Glatter, Darnell Martin, Tricia Brock, Dan Lerner, David Paymer, Tamra Davis, Bethany Rooney, Joanna Kerns, Arlene Sanford, John Terlesky, Daniel Attias, Robert Berlinger, Rob Bailey, Donna Deitch, Laura Innes, Jesse Bochco, Paul McCrane, Thomas J. Wright, Charlotte Brändström, Victoria Mahoney, Denzel Washington, Oliver Bokelberg, Lisa Leone, Louis Venosta, Krista Vernoff, Gregory T. Evans, Deborah Pratt, Lindsay Cohen, Giacomo Gianniotti, Morenike Joela Evans, Kim Raver
Cinematography by: Herbert Davis, Alicia Robbins, Steven G. Fracol, Byron Shah, Tim Suhrstedt, Jeanne Tyson, Carlos González, Ross Riege, Robert LaBonge, Christian Sebaldt, Adam Kane, Walt Fraser, Oliver Bokelberg, Daryn Okada, Jeffrey Jur, Mark Jackson, John Simmons
Edited by: Susan Vaill, Joe Mitacek, Edward Ornelas, David Greenspan, Chad Mochrie, Jason Joseph, Meghan Robertson, Vanessa Delgado, Dan Rovetto, Justin Chinn, Briana London, Kathleen Latlip, Gregory Cusumano, Matthew Ramsey, Brandi Bradburn, Bjørn T. Myrholt, Victor Du Bois, Katherine Skjerping, Roger Nygard, Sarah Boyd, Stacy Katzman, Julia Grove, Heidi Scharfe, Philip Fowler, Karoliina Tuovinen, Tom Costain, Kyle Bond, Dino DeLorenzo, Aimee Jennings, Juan Soto
Assistant Director / First Assistant Director - 2 Episodes, 2014
Bones (2005)
Directed by: Ian Toynton, Dwight H. Little, Jeannot Szwarc, Chad Lowe, David Boreanaz, Milan Cheylov, Allan Kroeker, Tim Southam, Kate Woods, Steven DePaul, Jeff Woolnough, Michael Lange, Randy Zisk, Alex Chapple, Jesús Salvador Treviño, Tony Wharmby, Allison Liddi-Brown, François Velle, Sanford Bookstaver, Craig Ross Jr., Kevin Hooks, Greg Yaitanes, Gordon Lonsdale, Emile B. Levisetti, Rob Hardy, Anne Renton, David Grossman, Tawnia McKiernan, James Whitmore Jr., Scott Lautanen, Jessica Landaw, Brad Turner, Jeffrey Walker, Arlene Sanford, David Hugh Jones, Patrick R. Norris, Donna Deitch, David Duchovny, Karen Gaviola, Joe Napolitano, Jonathan Pontell, Bryan Spicer, Thomas J. Wright, Caleb Deschanel, Marita Grabiak, Mark Helfrich, Daniel Sackheim, Reginald Hudlin, Steve Robin, Silver Tree, Robert Reed Altman, Anton Cropper, Emily Deschanel, Denise Di Novi
Cinematography by: Gordon Lonsdale, Gregory Paul Collier, Robert Reed Altman, Michael D. O'Shea, Cort Fey, Dennis Hall, Jules Labarthe, Sidney Sidell, Loren S. Yaconelli
Edited by: Kimberly Ettinger, Richard Currie, Andrea Folprecht, Bill Lynch, Thomas R. Moore, Casey O. Rohrs, J. Benjamin Chulay, C.J. Liao, Harry B. Miller III, Rick Tuber, David Post
Cameras: ARRIFLEX Camera, Sony CineAlta F35 Camera
First Assistant Director
Timecop: The Berlin Decision (2003)
Directed by: Steve Boyum
Cinematography by: Crescenzo G.P. Notarile
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Trust No 1 (2002)
Directed by: Tony Wharmby
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Scott J. Wallace
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' John Doe (2002)
Directed by: Michelle MacLaren
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Hellbound (2002)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Provenance (2002)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Providence (2002)
Directed by: Chris Carter
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Scott J. Wallace
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Audrey Pauley (2002)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Underneath (2002)
Directed by: John Shiban
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Christopher Cooke
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Improbable (2002)
Directed by: Chris Carter
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Scott J. Wallace
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Scary Monsters (2002)
Directed by: Dwight H. Little
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Christopher Cooke
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Jump the Shark (2002)
Directed by: Cliff Bole
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Christopher Cooke
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' William (2002)
Directed by: David Duchovny
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Release (2002)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Three Words (2001)
Directed by: Tony Wharmby
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Regis Kimble
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Surekill (2001)
Directed by: Terrence O'Hara
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Michael Kewley
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Salvage (2001)
Directed by: Rod Hardy
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Badlaa (2001)
Directed by: Tony Wharmby
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Michael Kewley
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' The Gift (2001)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Chris G. Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Medusa (2001)
Directed by: Richard Compton
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Per Manum (2001)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Chris G. Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' This Is Not Happening (2001)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Chris G. Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Deadalive (2001)
Directed by: Tony Wharmby
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Regis Kimble
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Empedocles (2001)
Directed by: Barry K. Thomas
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Chris G. Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Vienen (2001)
Directed by: Rod Hardy
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Alone (2001)
Directed by: Frank Spotnitz
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Nothing Important Happened Today (2001)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Nothing Important Happened Today II (2001)
Directed by: Tony Wharmby
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Scott J. Wallace
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Lord of the Flies (2001)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Christopher Cooke
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Dæmonicus (2001)
Directed by: Frank Spotnitz
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Christopher Cooke
First Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' 4-D (2001)
Directed by: Tony Wharmby
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Scott J. Wallace
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Via Negativa (2000)
Directed by: Tony Wharmby
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Redrum (2000)
Directed by: Peter Markle
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Invocation (2000)
Directed by: Richard Compton
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Michael Kewley
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Roadrunners (2000)
Directed by: Rod Hardy
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Chris G. Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Patience (2000)
Directed by: Chris Carter
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Without (2000)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Chris G. Willingham
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
'The X-Files' Within (2000)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
Second Unit First Assistant Director
'The X-Files' Requiem (2000)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Heather MacDougall
Second Unit First Assistant Director
'The X-Files' The Sixth Extinction (1999)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Louise Innes
Second Unit First Assistant Director
'The X-Files' Arcadia (1999)
Directed by: Michael W. Watkins
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Heather MacDougall
Second Unit First Assistant Director
'The X-Files' One Son (1999)
Directed by: Rob Bowman
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Louise Innes
Second Unit First Assistant Director
'The X-Files' Two Fathers (1999)
Directed by: Kim Manners
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Lynne Willingham
Second Unit First Assistant Director
'The X-Files' Tithonus (1999)
Directed by: Michael W. Watkins
Cinematography by: Bill Roe
Edited by: Louise Innes
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit
Lethal Weapon 4 (1998)
Directed by: Richard Donner
Cinematography by: Andrzej Bartkowiak
Cameras: Panavision Cameras
Lenses: Panavision Lenses
Second Assistant Director
Anaconda (1997)
Directed by: Luis Llosa
Cinematography by: Bill Butler
Edited by: Michael R. Miller
Second Second Assistant Director
Primal Fear (1996)
Directed by: Gregory Hoblit
Cinematography by: Michael Chapman
Edited by: David Rosenbloom
Cameras: Panavision Panaflex Gold II Camera
Second Second Assistant Director
Blown Away (1994)
Directed by: Stephen Hopkins
Cinematography by: Peter Levy
Edited by: Tim Wellburn
Second Second Assistant Director
Geronimo: An American Legend (1993)
Directed by: Walter Hill
Cinematography by: Lloyd Ahern II
Second Second Assistant Director
Blood In, Blood Out (1993)
Directed by: Taylor Hackford
Cinematography by: Gabriel Beristain
Cameras: ARRIFLEX Camera
Second Second Assistant Director
Demolition Man (1993)
Directed by: Marco Brambilla
Cinematography by: Alex Thomson
Edited by: Stuart Baird
Second Assistant Director / First Assistant Director / Second Unit First Assistant Director - 42 Episodes, 1999-2002
The X-Files (1993)
Directed by: Kim Manners, Rob Bowman, David Nutter, Chris Carter, R.W. Goodwin, Tony Wharmby, Michael W. Watkins, Daniel Sackheim, Michael Lange, James Wong, Jim Charleston, Cliff Bole, William A. Graham, Peter Markle, David Duchovny, Thomas J. Wright, Rod Hardy, Glen Morgan, Jerrold Freedman, Joe Napolitano, Larry Shaw, Tucker Gates, Vince Gilligan, Richard Compton, Frank Spotnitz, Darin Morgan, Fred Gerber, Michael Katleman, Harry Longstreet, Robert Mandel, Win Phelps, Stephen Surjik, James A. Contner, Nick Marck, Michael Vejar, James Whitmore Jr., Brett Dowler, Allen Coulter, Ralph Hemecker, Robert Lieberman, Bryan Spicer, Gillian Anderson, Paul Shapiro, Terrence O'Hara, Barry K. Thomas, Dwight H. Little, Michelle MacLaren, John Shiban, Carol Banker, Holly Dale, Kevin Hooks
Cinematography by: Bill Roe, John S. Bartley, Joel Ransom, Jon Joffin, Craig Wrobleski, Ron Stannett, Thomas Del Ruth
Edited by: Heather MacDougall, Lynne Willingham, Stephen Mark, Jim Gross, James Coblentz, Louise Innes, Michael Stern, Chris G. Willingham, Scott J. Wallace, Casey O. Rohrs, Christopher Cooke, Michael Kewley, Robert Komatsu, Eleanor Infante, Regis Kimble, J. Kathleen Gibson, Kevin D. Ross, Leon Carrere, Jeff Cahn
Lenses: Panavision Lenses
Second Second Assistant Director
Sommersby (1993)
Directed by: Jon Amiel
Cinematography by: Philippe Rousselot
Edited by: Peter Boyle
Second Assistant Director: Second Unit , Second Second Assistant Director
Leap of Faith (1992)
Directed by: Richard Pearce
Cinematography by: Matthew F. Leonetti
Set Production Assistant
The Opposite Sex and How to Live with Them (1992)
Directed by: Matthew Meshekoff
Cinematography by: Jacek Laskus
Edited by: Adam Weiss
Second Second Assistant Director
Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991)
Directed by: James Cameron
Cinematography by: Adam Greenberg
Cameras: ARRIFLEX 35 BL4 Camera, ARRIFLEX 35 IIC Camera
Assistant To Producer
Another 48 Hrs. (1990)
Directed by: Walter Hill
Cinematography by: Matthew F. Leonetti
Cameras: Ultracam 35 Camera
Production Aide
Dead Bang (1989)
Directed by: John Frankenheimer
Cinematography by: Gerry Fisher
Edited by: Robert F. Shugrue
Production Assistant
Johnny Handsome (1989)
Directed by: Walter Hill
Cinematography by: Matthew F. Leonetti
